LCLS-II Design & Performance
LCLS-II Design
![LCLS-II Image](/sites/default/files/styles/embed/public/2023-08/lcls-ii.jpg?itok=pxn9vauy)
Working closely with DOE’s Office of Science, SLAC configured LCLS-II to meet requirements laid out by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee (BESAC). The conceptual design:
- Adds a new, 4 GeV superconducting linac in an existing SLAC tunnel, avoiding the need for excavation.
- Increases the repetition rate from 120 pulses per second to 1 million per second. It will be the world’s only X-ray free-electron laser capable of supplying a uniformly-spaced train of pulses with programmable repetition rate.
- Provides a tunable source of X-rays, by replacing the existing undulator (used to generate X-ray laser pulses) with two new ones. This ability to tune the X-ray energy on demand will enable scientists to scan across a wide spectrum – opening up new experimental techniques and making efficient use of the valuable beam time.
- Provides access to an intermediate X-ray energy range that is currently inaccessible with LCLS, but which is likely critical for studies of new materials, chemical catalysis and biology.
- Extends the operating range of the facility from its current limit of ~11 keV X-rays to ~25 keV.
- Supports the latest seeding technologies to provide fully coherent X-rays (at the spatial diffraction limit and at the temporal transform limit)
- Maintains the existing copper-based warm linac and upgrades parts of the existing research infrastructure to take advantage of the new configuration.
![LCLS-II Image](/sites/default/files/styles/embed/public/2023-08/lcls-ii-map_0.jpg?itok=-5HuPlu7)
LCLS-II Performance
Read more in the news feature Major Upgrade Will Boost Power of World’s Brightest X-ray Laser
![LCLS-II Image](/sites/default/files/styles/centered/public/2023-08/LCLS-II%20photons%20per%20pulse.jpg?itok=_ou4zvEf)
LCLS-II photons per pulse.jpg
Calculated photons per pulse for high-repetition-rate operation from LCLS-II soft X-ray undulator (SXU) and hard X-ray undulator (HXU) at 4 GeV. Note that photons/pulse is constant with repetition rate up to ~300 kHz, and scales inversely with repetition rate above ~300 kHz. Also shown is the extended energy range from the Cu-linac (120 Hz) with the tunable HXU. (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)
![LCLS-II Image](/sites/default/files/styles/centered/public/2023-08/LCLS-II%20average%20brightness.jpg?itok=xeWX4nV4)
LCLS-II average brightness.jpg
Calculated average spectral brightness for high-repetition-rate operation from LCLS-II soft X-ray undulator (SXU) and hard X-ray undulator (HXU) at 4 GeV. Note that LCLS-II average brightness is roughly constant above ~300 kHz (energy/pulse scales inversely with repetition rate above ~300 kHz). (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)